Quick acting chuck



Oct. 17, 1961 M. P. GREENE ErAL 3,

QUICK ACTING CHUCK Filed April 18, 1960 /z I JAZZ 2:1 zgmll 9? 7 INVENTOR.

%,wy P Gena/z 149M010 l2 Mammy A ffoEn/E y nitecl States Patent 3,004,757 Patented Oct. 17, 1961 3,004,767 QUICK ACTING. CHUCK Monty P. Greene, 1241 Monroe St., and Arnold A. Vicksman, 25 S. Glencoe St., both of Denver, C010. 7 v

Filed Apr. 18, 1960, Ser. No. 22,941 2 Claims. (Cl. 279-103) acting chuck for connecting grinding wheels, polishing wheels, drills, burrs, and similar work devices on the extremity of either a solid or flexible shaft which will rigidly and securely retain the work device in place without looseness or vibration.

A further object is to provide a quick-acting chuck with the above characteristics consisting of only two simple parts so constructed that the security of attachment of the chuck will be directly proportional to the load placed therein by the work device.

Other objects and advantages reside in the detail construction of the invention, which is designed for simplicity, economy, and efiiciency. These will become more apparent from the following description.

In the following detailed description of the invention, reference is had to the accompanying drawing which forms a part hereof. Like numerals refer to like parts in all views of the drawing and throughout the description.

In the drawing:

FIG. 1 is a side view of the driving portion of the improved quick-detachable chuck;

FIG. 2 is a similar side view of the driven portion of the chuck;

FIG. 3 is a side view of the complete assembled chuck;

FIG. 4 is a front end view of the driving portion;

FIG. 5 is a cross section, taken on the line 55, FIG. 3 illustrating the relative positions of the two portions when the driven portion is initially inserted in the driving portion;

FIG. 6 is a similar cross section illustrating the relative positions of the portions when in the locked working position;

FIG. 7 is a longitudinal section through the driving portion, taken on the line 77, FIG. 1; and

FIG. 8 is a detail side view of the driven portion of the chuck.

The chuck can be arranged for use upon a drive shaft rotating in either direction and for mounting and dismounting any desired type of work device upon the extremity of a power-driven shaft. It has been found particularly useful for mounting grinding wheels and auto-body polishing wheels upon the extremity of a flexible shaft. For the purpose of description it will be assumed that the drive shaft is to rotate in a counter-clockwise direction to drive a conventional grinding Wheel 10. Any other desired work device such as a polishing wheel, abrasive disc, drill chuck, or the like could replace the grinding wheel illustrated.

The drive portion of the chuck comprises a conical female fitting 11. The fitting 11 is formed wtih a cylindrical rear extremity 12 provided with an internally threaded axially-positioned shaft bore 13 for receiving the extremity of a drive shaft upon which the chuck is to be used. A set screw 14 is provided for locking the drive shaft in the bore 14.

The forward portion of the fitting 11 has a truncated conical shape, that is, it gradually increases in diameter from the cylindrical rear extremity 12 to the forward extremity of the fitting. This conical forward portion contains a tapered axial socket 15 having a wall taper of substantially 5 and a depth of substantially 3 times its greatest or entrance diameter.

A diametricallyextending groove 16 is milled across the enlarged forward extremity of the fitting 11. The width of the groove 16 is slightly less than the entrance diameter of the socket 15. For instance, in a typical chuck the width of the groove 16 would be and the socket entrance diameter /2". of the groove 16 project over opposite sides of the socket entrance to form parallel shoulders 17 across opposite sides of the entrance to the tapered axial socket 15;

The tapered sides of the tapered socket 15 are con-,

tinued into the shoulders 17 for a fraction of the width of the latter to form an arcuate locking notch 18 in each shoulder. The depth of entry of the socket sides into the shoulders gradually decreases in clock-wise direction to form two opposite inclined spaced apart outer side walls 19 in the notches. The leading extremity of each of the shoulders 17 is angled, as shown at 20, to provide easy access to the locking notches 18.

The driven portion of the chuck comprises a tapered shank 21, the taper of which corresponds to the taper of the socket 15. A circumferential channel 22 is formed in and about the shank 21. The channel 22 has a rectangular cross-section and, due to the taper of the shank, the channel has a relatively low rear wall 27 and a relatively high front wall 28. The distance from the low rear Wall 27 of the channel to the extremity of the shank 21 is less than the depth of the tapered socket 15 and the diameter of the shank at the low rear wall 27 of the channel corresponds to the entrance diameter of socket 15. The width of the channel 22 is substantially equal to the maximum thickness of the shoulders 17.

The diameter of the bottom of the channel 22 is substantially equal to the distance between the spaced-apart shoulders 17 of the fitting 11. Two axially-parallel fiat surfaces 28 are ground, milled or otherwise formed on opposite sides of the tapered shank 21. The diametric distance between the two flat surfaces 28 is also substantially equal to the distance between the spaced-apart shoulders of the fitting.

The shank 21 terminates in a head portion 23 which can be designed to carry any desired work device.

As illustrated, a threaded mandrel 24 is formed on and projects axially from the head portion 23 to receive clamping nuts 25 and clamping Washers 26 for clamping the grinding wheel 10 in place for use. Other work devices can replace the grinding wheel 10 as desired.

The driven portion of the chuck is connected to the drive portion thereof by simply inserting the shank 21 into the socket 15 with the two flat surfaces 29 of the shank passing between the two shoulders 17, as shown in FIG. 5, until the front high wall 28 of the channel 22 strikes the shoulders. The shank is then rotated clockwise relative to the fitting 11, as shown in FIG. 6, to cause the low rear wall 27 of the channel to enter the locking notches 18 and ride against the inclined side walls 19 of the notches 18 so as to force the tapered shank 21 into tight frictional engagement with the tapered socket. The counter-clockwise rotation of the drive shaft in driving the grinding wheel 10 will force the wall 27 of the channel still more tightly against the inclined side walls 19 of the shoulders so as to still further increase the gripping action of the chuck. To release the driven portion, it is only necessary to give a fractional counterclockwise rotation to the shank 21 to align the flat surfaces between the shoulders 17 so that the shank may be freely withdrawn from the tapered socket 15.

For drive shafts rotating in a clockwise direction, the

Therefore, the sides inclines of the outer side walls 19 of the locking notches 1'8 would he the reverse pf the incline illustrated in FIG. 7. No change would be required in the shank. While a specific form of the improvement-has been described and illustrated herein, it is to be understood thatf'the same'mayhevaried Within the scope of tlie appended claims, withoutdeparting from the spiri't'of the invention. i a

Having thus described the invention what is claimed and desired'secured by LettersPat'en't is: J t

-l". A quick acting chuck comprising: a drive portion; means for connecting the rear extremity of said drive portion to a rotating element; a tapered axial socket formed-in the-forward extremity of said' drive portion; a

diametrically-extending flat-bottomed groove extending 15 notch in the under surface of each shoulder; a tapered shank fitted into said socket; two oppositely positioned shank intermediate saidifia'tlsides said latter portions being positioned to" engage the inclined, wedge-like lock ing notches when said shank is rotated clock-Wise relative 931,327 Manzel Aug. 17,1909 2,218,907 Ross Oct-29, 1'940 2,719,722 Nickless on. 4, 1955' 2,821,401 v Jan; 28,1958

to said drive portion so as to urge the'ta'p'ered shank into functional engagement with tapered axial socket.

2. A quick acting chuck as described in claim l-in which the leading extremity of each shouldef'is cut'liack on a substantially radial planeto facilitate insertion of. saidshank into said socket.

References C ited' in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 

